Han vs Rome Ap World

Comparative Essay The massively extensive classical empires of Imperial Rome (31BCE-476CE) and Han China (206BCE-220CE) were extremely influential when it came to the world around them. In essence, the two empires were virtually the same in terms of political structure and military protocols, yet greatly different in the area of religious tolerance. Both Han China and Imperial Rome had a political system structure consisting of a sovereign emperor who made executive, almost dictator-like, decisions and directed the affairs of the empire.However, in both empires, emperors relied on regional governors to regulated affairs in their respective regions due to the fact that both empires were so massive and consisted of an enormous population. These leaders would also collect a tax that was imposed on free peasants of the empire. In both empires, the emperor was seen as a god-like figure, for example the Mandate of Heaven in Han China was used to persuade the citizens that the emperor was a direct link to the gods.Both Han China and Imperial Rome used religion as a helper in political culture. Confucianism was enforced by the government and promoted obedience, loyalty, and reverence to one’s social superiors. In Rome, Emperor Constantine converted to Christianity in 312CE, and used the church as a sort of guidance/advisor. Both civilizations established a type of â€Å"civil service† based on educated members of the middle class. As far as military protocols go, both militaries worked extensively on projects for the empire such as roads to expedite troop movement.Late in the histories of both empires, foreign soldiers were enlisted in the military due to a drop in population of plagues hit the society. The Roman’s enlisted the help of the Germanic tribes while the Hans enlisted the help of the Mongols. These â€Å"mercenary† soldiers lacked greatly in motivation and pride. Both civilizations enlisted the help of soldiers of the people who w ere invading them. The military prowess of both civilizations was used to hold and maintain peace once expansion was accomplished.While both civilizations consisted of one sovereign emperor, the methods in which emperors imposed their authorities differed between each. In Rome, the emperors resorted to threats and promises, where as in Han China, the emperors relied mostly on the Mandate of Heaven institution and tributes/gifts from the citizens. Both rulers had a slightly different role as well. The Emperor of China was judge, jury, and executioner, whereas the Emperor of Rome could not act without the senate's approval.With military expedition and empire expansion, the methods were quite different. When the Romans conquered a new region, they would enforce soldiers in that region until the tax was collected. After the tax was paid, the Romans allowed the conquered peoples to keep their cultural ways. This also applied to religion. Conquered peoples could remain with their religion as long as they followed the system. In fact, in 212CE, Rome offered citizenship to conquered peoples in exchange for adopting Roman culture.This offer was extended to all free people of the conquered region, and citizenship for them meant they had the right to hold office, serve in legions, and others. However, becoming a citizen did not erase their other identities like religious views. Rome also collected many foreign religions, making the entire empire a college of religious views. Unlike Rome, Han China forced Confucian beliefs upon their conquered areas. When the Han invaded and conquered Korea and Vietnam, they established a Chinese-style rule upon the people and forced Confucian beliefs upon them.Han did not collect foreign religions with the exception of Buddhism. Han China and Imperial Roman political structure, military protocols, and religious tolerance share various similarities in political structure and military protocols, and are more different in the area of religi ous tolerance. While both political structures involved a sovereign emperor who used regional leaders as a way to extend his control to the outskirts of the empire, they differed in the ways the emperor imposed his authority.With military protocols, both militaries were involved in the construction of roads that expanded all over the empire. However, the militaries differed in how they treated their conquered peoples with religion and culture. Both empires had some form of religious tolerance. Han Chinese citizens were allowed to practice Buddhism while the Roman Emperor Constantine converted to Christianity. However, Romans had more tolerance for foreign religions in the empire than Han China did.

Physical Security †Essay Essay

In the United States everyone is concerned about safety in their homes and in his or her workplace. Individuals go to great lengths to ensure that all their possessions that they own could not be stolen from them. According to the 1999 FBI Uniform Crime Reports, nationwide 408,217 robberies were committed with the estimated amount of losses being reported at $508 million in losses. Many measures can be put in place to prevent such losses. This paper will discuss physical security and other components such as building security, grounds security, access control systems, perimeter security, information systems, and technology security. Physical Security According to Search Security (2011), Physical security is â€Å"Physical security is the protection of personnel, hardware, programs, networks, and data from physical circumstances and events that could cause serious losses or damage to an enterprise, agency, or institution. This includes protection from fire, natural disasters, burglary, theft, vandalism, and terrorism.† Physical security can be described as measures taken to prevent and to deter intruders or attackers from gaining access to facilities, resources, or information stored on physical media. Physical security also provides guidance on ways to design structures to resist various hostile acts. As physical security can have seemed to be this elaborate task, but can be a simple act of locking a home or business door and not given an easy access to an intruder. To keep individuals, families, or employees safe one has to think about the things that are important to them and the things one also wants to protect. Ground Security Ground security can be looked at as ways to protect areas around airports. Since September 11, 2001, airports have gone through many changes to ensure that their passengers are safe and all bags and equipment are safe before the leave the ground and enter the airplane. Before that tragic event there were no major security measures in place except screenings but people could just come and go as they please. As a result of the hijackings security was  beefed up tremendously. Passengers are screened more closely. People are not allowed to carry liquids into the airport and not like before only passengers with boarding passes may enter the terminal. According to USAToday reporter Blake Morrison (2002), Flight attendants report that many ground workers such as airport mechanics, caterers and ramp workers still have access to planes without going through any checkpoints as long as the have their swipe cards. Access Control Systems Access control systems are highly used at most businesses to keep unauthorized people out of places they do not belong. Access control systems are thought of as electronic card readers were badges are needed to unlock a doors, lets individuals gain access to an elevator, or garage. Access control systems also can be as simple as possessing a security guard to stop people from entering a certain area. There are levels of access controls there is the basic system that allows systems to respond to a pin or a card number, there is an intelligent system that controls access to doors locks and also has the capability to store information. The most common breach of this system is that people allow individuals without badges to slip in behind them. For example, nowadays many apartment building or condo complexes have main entrances were they must badge in or have a key to unlock the door. There is always someone waiting at the door to gain entry, and most people will just open the door and let him or her in never thinking that this person should not have access. The person who is let in could be an intruder there to do harm. For this reason many companies/residence complexes stress that authorize users should not let anyone enter unless he or she have followed the appropriate procedure for visitors. Access cards have been proven to have some vulnerability. Hackers are very intelligent and have found ways to copy the cards information. Hackers have become so accomplished that they have created portable readers t hat can capture the card number. No security method can ever be listed as 100% effective. Perimeter Security Perimeter Security can be described as a boundary that separates an area from the rest of the world. The purpose of the perimeter security is to deter,  detect, delay and deny unauthorized access to a perimeter without the owner’s consent to avoid theft, vandalism, or other criminal acts. Many things are used to prevent individual from gaining access to his or her property. Fences or gates are good starting points to protect property. Gates that are high enough and locked keeps intruders out. Another line of defense is security lights. Having an area with good lighting is critical to a security system because people are less likely to commit a crime in a place if they feel they can be seen by someone. Most criminals look for an area that does not have good lighting and is away from by passers. Good lights around a home and an area not hidden by overgrown trees and shrubs provides some protection. Lighting can protect a home or a business from intruder because it provides trickery. Many homes have installed motion sensor lights that come on when someone walks or moves in a certain perimeter around his or her home or business. If the intruder were to set off the sensor and lights come on they will most likely run away as they are not sure if someone is watching either from the home he or she is intruding or from the neighbor’s house. Criminals are also deterred from homes or businesses with outside lighting because they think that if you took the time to install good lighting, this home also has the potential of having an alarm system. Also if it is a business that is being intruded good lighting also helps the use security cameras, if the lighting is good clearer images could be captured. Information Systems and Technology Security Information security means protecting information from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, perusal, inspection, recording, or destruction. Most companies and homes have intrusion detection systems on their computers. Intrusion detection systems allow companies to monitor unwanted attempts to gain access to their systems. According to Webopedia (2010) these detection devices allow managers to see all activity incoming and outgoing. Intrusion detection is important to keep information systems safe from hackers, disgruntled employees, and others who may want to cause the company trouble or damage their IT systems. Safety Net uses a Reactive Intrusion Detection system. The reason the passive system is used because it logs all activities and then sounds an alert. A reactive system not only  logs the traffic and suspicious use then alerts administrators, but it also logs off a user after suspicious activity is detected (Net Security, 2010). Safety Net feels the passive method is just not protective enough in monitoring suspicious activity. Allowing managers to know who has conducted such activity is great but Reactive stops the activity. The detection system utilized by Safety Net is a Host Intrusion Detection System rather than the Network Intrusion Detection System. Conclusion Physical security is the protection of personnel, hardware, programs, networks, and data from physical circumstances and events that could cause serious losses or damage to an enterprise, agency, or institution. Individuals have the responsibility to make sure that they protect themselves from harm. All measures have to be weighed and applied to ensure that security cannot be breached. References Robbery. (2011). Retrieved fromhttp://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/offenses/violent_crime/robbery.html | | | Morrison, Blake. (2002) Attendants question ground security. Retrieved on January 7,2011 from http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2002/04/04/ground-security.htm Intrusion Detection. (2012). Retrieved on January 7, 2011 From http://www.webopedia.com/DidYouKnow/Computer_Science/2005 Net Security. (2011). Retrieved on January 7, 2011 From http://netsecurity.about.com/cs/hackertools/a/aa030504_2.htm

Research Technique Essay

Suppose your sociology instructor has asked you to do a study of homelessness. Which research technique (survey, observation, experiment, existing sources) would you find the most useful? How would you use that technique to complete your assignment? If my sociology instructor has asked me to do a study of homelessness, I will choose the observation research technique because I think this method is the most useful to me. In definition, observation means collecting information through direct participation and/or by watching a group or community engaged, which means, this is a technique which researchers observe carefully the behaviors of people involved in their hypothesis. Although there are various types of observational research techniques (naturalistic observation, participant observation†¦), each of them has both strengths and weaknesses. Personally, I believe participant observation is the most suitable method for the study of homelessness. Firstly, this technique allows me to gain information in my own point of view as I’m the observer and participant as well. Secondly, by using this method, the subject behaviors (homeless people) remain natural, therefore, giving the results high validity and reliability. Thirdly, it’s flexible as I can myself test the hypotheses and be able to redefine possible personal conceptions. Fourthly, by directing involving the research, my results will contain highly-detailed, high-quality information about the homelessness’s behaviors. However, this technique also has some disadvantage. First, it’s likely for me to have a close relationship with others which may influence the results. Second, it’s quite difficult for me to be accepted in the group (maybe I’m too different from them). Third, this technique requires a great deal of skill and commitment from the researchers. I must have the ability to fit-in with the people being observed and the ability to communicate naturally to them without letting them know my purposes. Finally, I have to make sure that I have enough money, time, resources, skills and support to go through this research. More details about my study. After having finished 3 important steps (defining the problem, reviewing the literature, formulating the hypothesis), I’ll continue the fourth step: collecting and analyzing data by using the observation technique (participant observation). I’ll join the homeless communities, which usually gather to sleep in the parks, under the bridges or in the verandas of the private or public houses†¦It’d be easier for me to participate if I can show them for sure that I’m a real homeless person (little money, no mobile phone, have acceptable reason to become homeless, dirty clothes†¦). The length of my stays are going to be about 6 months to 1 year as this time is long enough for me to have a generally view about this problem (however, it mainly depend on the time which the instructor allows me to so that I can limit/expand the areas researched). During the time I’m homeless, I’ll try to gain the acceptance in the group studied in order to collect the information needed without raising close relations or letting them know who I am, which will affect the conclusion of my study. Then, I’ll listen to their stories about the reason why they become homeless (of course I must have a reason for myself), observe their feeling, their behaving in life as well as their attitudes about their present conditions. Besides, I also have to try fulfill my study by finding the answers for these following questions: 1. How did they become homeless? (different people will have different answers) 2. Do they feel like the government is helping them to reduce homelessness? 3. How has being homeless affected them? (difficulties in all aspects) 4. What are the main causes of people becoming homeless? 5. What should the government do to help the homeless people? 6. The link between being homeless and having social diseases (HIV, syphilis†¦) 7. Where do the homelessness rates have the highest/lowest percentage? What are the differences in these areas? These 5 questions are the basic information that I have to find the answers by asking directly through normal conversations, by observing, by listening†¦ Besides, I think I can conclude some other useful results so as to have a general overview to support for my study thank to the time I’m being homeless. My conclusion will include these data: 1. Trends in homelessness recently. 2. Characteristics of persons experiencing homelessness 3. Causes of homelessness 4. Effect of homelessness. 5. Homeless policy initiatives 6. How different places have different rate of homelessness. Reasons? Solutions (If I can) 7. Outlook for the future (solutions) Finally, I’ll finish the final step: developing the conclusion base on the data I have to support or redefine the hypothesis.

Management Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 8

Management Accounting - Essay Example This affects the costs and consequently affects the profits. Therefore, the company should use ABC costing method in order to obtain the correct overhead costs for products XYI, YZT and ABW. This is because ABC takes into account more than one cost driver into account. It is more accurate since it assigns costs to products and traces all activities and assigns them to products by using multiple cost drivers. ABC (activity based costing) is the costing method that is currently trending in the world. It has received credit for correcting deficiencies that existed in the traditional system. It is seen as the best costing method available for managers that operate various departments since they are able to assign costs to their products more accurately. However, ABC has received a lot of criticism due to its failures experienced in large operations. Managers of these large firms have termed it difficult to implement and maintain. Activity based costing does not offer the managers with accurate and timely information for decision-making. Activity based cost systems that are used in large-operational firms have proved to provide managers with out-of-date and inaccurate information. This is due to the huge amount of data to be collected. In addition, there is delay in the data to be collected. For instance, in a larger firm, it will require about 110 departments to submit their reports periodically. This makes the process time-consuming since it will take time for the system to calculate the costs for its numerous activities. The time-consuming process has resulted to the companies doing away with the ABC or ceasing to update their systems. This leads to out-of-date and inaccurate information provided to the managers by the ABC systems (Kaplan and Anderson, 2014). Universally, ABC has received resistance. This is evidenced by the annual survey carried out that ranked ABC position 2 after median. This has led to some companies abandoning ABC or failing to adopt

My Abilities in Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

My Abilities in Finance - Essay Example I resented what I saw as her painful pre-occupation with money. I told myself often that I would not grow up to be like her, at least when it came to housekeeping. On my 15th birthday, my mother gave me a small present. Thrilled, I ripped open the package, but waiting inside for me was something I wasn’t looking forward to and had never really wanted. It was a housekeeping book, the same as my mothers, only smaller. Although I hated it I had no choice but to use it. It was a present from my mother, after all, and I did not want to hurt her feelings. From that day on, whenever she was keeping her book, I would pretend to update mine too. This so-called â€Å"pretend bookkeeping† however, soon became one of my daily activities, without realizing it myself. Even in school, I would meticulously keep track of my expenses, and my pocket money. Soon, I realized that I had more and more money to spare, because knowing where my money was being spent actually helped me save a great deal, without making too many compromises. Just as I had thought before about my mother, my friends began to call me, â€Å"stingy.† I did not care, I cou ld see I was saving money, and a penny saved was a penny earned. It was almost magical. I realized the value of regularly keeping track of money, I was very aware of the money I had and made specific plans on how to spend it. I knew what I could do without in life, and what I wanted to get, and used my money accordingly. In fact, I was hoping that I could help my friends increase their savings. It was during this time that I became greatly interested in the study of finance, because I realized that making money was a whole lot about discipline, and to master the art, one had to study it. Next year on my birthday, I was lucky enough to meet someone through my mother who was working in the finance industry.           Ã‚  

Marketing and Entrepreneurship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing and Entrepreneurship - Essay Example Though, in the developed nations like US and UK, many companies have introduced healthy cold drinks but they have failed to provide balance nutrition to the children. Hence, it can be said that the children and teenagers are the potential customers of Neutrica.   In this fast moving world, even the adults need health drink that can be used as a substitute of soft drinks. People in their old age suffer from several health-related complications like high blood pressure, cholesterol deposition and diabetes. For these people Neutrica is a good way of deriving required nutrition in a more convenient and simple manner. Till date, there are not too many health drinks that are popular among the aged people. The percentage of elderly people is likely to increase with time, thus adding to its potential customer base.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Consumers are becoming increasingly conscious about their health and are willing to shell out money for those foods and drinks that promises better health. Therefore , the demand for health drink is likely to grow, mainly among the children and elderly persons. Target MarketIn developed nations like UK and US, the market is already flooded with different kinds of energy drinks, canned fruit juices and different type of health drinks. As a result, the degree of competition is also high in these markets. This coupled with low population growth will make these markets very stagnant in the years to come.On the other hand, developing countries are performing better because their economies are growing at a fast rate.

Privacy and security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Privacy and security - Essay Example Similarly, on the home front, privacy and security issues are very important with vandalism, terrorism and conflict waiting to happen anywhere anytime. Telecommuting security has also been in focus recently (Boone and Kurtz, 2010; Subramanian, 2008, pp vi; Augusto and Nugent, 2006, pp 109). In this report the problems related to privacy and security threats are discussed. Privacy and security is indispensable in the modern globalized world. With the advent of the internet and rising e-commerce, consumers are getting more and more worried that personal information, pertaining to them might be leaked. Privacy has become an ethical issue, which people in general have the right to, but information technology has sneaked inside such boundaries. This single factor has been a major setback for internet transactions. These concerns have led to the introduction of more secure payment methods and standards. Surveys conducted have shown that more and more people would opt for internet transactions only if more security and privacy are ensured. Security focuses on the threat of information leak. Viruses and phishing are aspects which have become of major hindrance to internet trust and business in particular. Recent developments include the introduction of secure connections with data encryptions, trusted e-commerce transaction sites with security logos and stronger anti malware and anti viruses. These have proven and helped custo mers to trust and use the internet for transactions (Boone and Kurtz, 2010; Subramanian, 2008, pp 158). Telecommuting has been on the rise ever since the companies have endured work from home facilities for their employees. Thus the security and privacy issues have also increased manifold with this. More and more employees handle sensitive data and loss and theft of the same can be harmful the organization. Surveys conducted have shown that many employees work from their personal computers at home, and security and

Age diversity and an ageing population in a new age management Essay

Age diversity and an ageing population in a new age management strategy - Essay Example The new holistic age management strategy provides a new perspective of viewing employee capacity. This has been different from the previous fixed retirement age with the notion of younger breeds of employees are much better than older ones, since the former was perceived as aggressive, more innovative, more creative, and are thus, more productive. The statistics posed by UK labour force indicative of a necessity for UK to attract 2.1 million entrants to the adult workforce signifies the adult's demand for these jobs, and hence, a designed HR strategy focussing towards this scenario. The holistic management strategy suggests a more participatory stance for the ageing population. However, as the UK has a default retirement age of 65 alongside limited opportunities for older workers leading to the inference that the demographics are not in employers' favour, it goes to say then that a tighter law must ensure the welfare of the aged employees in terms of retirement (Blyton and Turnbull 1 992). For the organisation, this would suggest a restructuring of retirement scheme, extending the retirement age for employees while others might continue with their phased retirement, caused by a not too stringent policy on retirement. As the report concludes that the need can be met only through a combination of most adults working longer and an increase in the number of adults, such as unemployed people and mothers re-entering the labour market, the organisation will be impacted with retraining of these people who used to be outside the work force for a long time. The HR function will have to synergize with the modification of the workplace that either rises the retirement age of its ageing employees and/or hires unemployed people and mothers, who have diverse needs and different job approaches. The HR would have to structure its functions to these people, who need to employ greater adaptability in order to adjust to the new work setting (Brewster 1995). Female employees who use d to be full-time mothers have likewise diverse needs that the HR should focus on and must be able to provide, such as a day care system within the workplace in which mothers can frequently visit for their infants. This is one option of the organisation in terms of hiring adults to the workforce but not necessarily extending the retirement age of ageing employees. Extending employees' retirement age can be viewed in two ways; either positively or negatively. People who view that the psychological and physical capabilities of ageing people might not be as healthy as those of the younger ones would say that it is just appropriate that the organisation give them a retirement pay and let them rest from the tiresome buzz of everyday work. It may also be viewed in a way in which retirement age must be fixed and pursuing an otherwise policy means catering to the demand of the capitalist market to extract more labour power from the workers, despite their ageing condition. On the other hand, advocates of holistic age management strategy view the extended retirement period as one that only enhances the capacity of ageing population and viewing them as still productive members of the organisation and society despite their age (Rubinstein and Kochan 2001). This might also cater to the view that older people are wiser, more experienced, and are more learne d than the younger ones. This scenario impacts the individual in two ways as well. The pro-active might see this as a greater opportunity for the ageing employees to exhibit their capabilities, talents and skills in the workplace that enhances their self-esteem, while the other side of the fence might view this as the reverse of the former; in that ageing employees are still

Art of Viewing Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Art of Viewing Art - Essay Example two extremely large factors that are nowadays driving our life; people are constantly in the search of their true identity without witnessing any judgments. Thus, the advancement of technology is playing an effective role in new identity representations. There is a correlation with the height of the trans-rights movement in a time where both creation and identity building are eased through the use of Internet. This idea breaks the norm and the dangers of self-creation by enabling the construct and manifest of an identity that is often seen as off-limits or not â€Å"correct† in the physical world. The artwork named as Juliana is in the form of a human figure, resting on a raised surface. The motivation behind the creation of this human figure is Juliana Huxtable, a renowned artist. Mark Guiducci stated that, â€Å"Frank Benson saw a photograph of Huxtable’s first Nuwaubian persona two years ago and asked her to model for him around that time† (n. pag.). Besides, this artwork surprises the viewers because of its life-size image and the cunning amalgamation of 3D printing with sculpture making. Similarly, the sculpture is in naked form, projecting sexual organs. Besides, this artwork represents the visual symbol of self-creation, inherent in the character (Juliana Huxtable) and his/her identity in the society as a transgender. On the other side, the artwork named as Untitled in the Rage is in the form of a photograph. Apart from the first artwork, this artwork exploits the scope of self-portrait. To be specific, the artist made use of her own body to represent her real identity. Besides, this artwork is symbolic of the rich tradition of Africa and its amalgamation with American culture in general. But the first artwork is symbolic of the scope of 3D printing and the second artwork is symbolic of the scope self-portrait and photography within art. In short, both the artworks belong to different genres, but the theme is same. The mastermind behind this sculpture (3D

Parental Involvement in Childs Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Parental Involvement in Childs Education - Essay Example The key findings on the effects of parental involvement are likewise summarized based on a compilation of recent research findings. The quality of education is one of the major social issues all over the world, from developing countries in Africa to highly developed ones like America and Europe. The reason is rather easy to see in a world where natural resources are dwindling and the competition for economic power and a high quality of life is intensifying. Ultimately, the continued economic progress of nations would be determined by the quality of their human resources, which in turn depends on the quality of a nation's educational system (Glatthorn, 1999). In America, for example, a government-led initiative that came to be known as the "No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2001" was meant "to ensure that all children have a fair, equal, and significant opportunity to obtain a high-quality education and reach, at a minimum, proficiency on challenging State academic achievement standards and state academic assessment" (NCLB, 2002, Section 1001). As the law's main aim was to improve the quality of education, educators have been asking uncomfortable but important questions as to how such a goal could be attained. Among the many proposed measures that could have a lasting and positive effect on improving education quality is one that is based on the hypothesis that a lack of parental involvement is detrimental to a child's education. This paper aims to prove the above hypothesis by using research findings to show that the following proposition is true: that increased parental involvement provides beneficial effects on the child's education. Also discussed would be several findings on the ways parents get involved in the education of their children; which type of involvement works best; the effects of parental involvement on student attitudes, self-concept, classroom behavior, and attendance; and at what levels of the child's education would parental involvement be useful. These findings are then summarized into seven major insights on the effects of parental involvement on their children's learning process and ways to encourage and sustain these based on experiences in the U.S. Parental involvement can be characterized in many ways, but all the literature on the topic agree that it includes various forms by which parents participate in their children's education and with the way education is carried out in schools. The range of parental involvement activities is wide: active tutoring of children at home, helping them with homework, becoming role models of positive behavior by showing eagerness to learn and study, or encouraging their children to learn, providing an appropriate place and time for serious study, and supporting their children's schooling by attending school functions and participating in school obligations (PTA, student plays, parent-child excursions, etc.). Parents can also extend their involvement outside the home-school environment by political lobbying, volunteering for community-based school projects, or getting public or corporate

English literature controlled assessment Essay Example for Free

English literature controlled assessment Essay Many plays and poems are concerned with the relationship between parents and their children. Choose a situation where this issue is considered in a Shakespeare play and link it with poetry where there is a similar situation. Refer closely to the texts in your answer to support your views. Romeo and Juliet is one of Shakespeare’s most iconic plays. The sad tale of the two star-crossed lovers was written in Elizabethan times and because of this features families a lot different from that of today. Elizabethan families ran very differently from that that goes on in our own home sweet homes. Elizabethan children were considered their parents property and must obey whatever their parents said; this was usually the father as women in the past would also have to follow the strict rules of their husbands. As well as that, children, in rich families, were often forced to marry whom they were instructed to; primarily for money. The ideas of family feature heavily in Romeo and Juliet and in this assessment I will explore said ideas in depth. In Act One, Scene Two Lord Capulet, Juliet’s father, is consulting Paris after he asked for Juliet’s hand in marriage. Capulet believes that his daughter is too young to marry. Capulet says ‘An she agree, within her scope of choice lies my consent and fair according voice’ he is saying that Paris has his approval but it is up to Juliet to make the final decision. The way Capulet handles the situation with Paris shows the love and kindness he feels for his daughter. Capulet allows Juliet to decide if she wants to marry this man. This wouldn’t have happened very often in Elizabethan times as the richer families often married for wealth not love and here Capulet is asking, not telling, Juliet to marry this wealthy man. He doesn’t treat her as a piece of furniture and wants her to be happy with the person she marries, ‘She is the hopeful lady of my earth’ Capulet has lost his previous children and only wants the best for his only daughter. Then, in Act Three, Scene Four, Capulet arranges Juliet’s and Paris’ wedding saying ‘she shall be married to this noble earl’. Capulet arranges this marriage without his daughters consent because he believes it will help to  bring his daughter out of her depressive state, which he thinks is caused by the death of her cousin Tybalt but in reality it’s because of Romeo being exiled from Verona. The sentence Capulet says shows how kind he is to his daughter; Capulet could have chosen the wealthiest man he could get his hands on, however he chooses a ‘noble’ suitor for his daughter to marry. This once again shows that Capulet doesn’t want to use his daughter for money and actually wants his daughter to be happy with the one she marries. So far Capulet has been presented as the figure head of the perfect father, given the Elizabethan era, however there is a moment when his attitude towards his daughter changes. In Act Three, Scene Five Capulet has just been informed by his wife that Juliet has refused to marry Paris. Capulet then responds with ‘Is she not proud? Doth she not count her blest?’ Capulet then goes on to tell her that he will throw her out and never look upon her again. Now, Capulet’s exclamation could be seen by many to be harsh and unfair, however, given the era the play was written children did as their parents instructed and never had anything else to say on the matter. Capulet asks several questions one after another not waiting for an answer, this suggests that he is panicking and has no idea how he is meant to handle this; this could very well likely be the first time his daughter has defied him. So, given the plays era, Capulet’s outrage is completely understandable, he is shocked, panicked and appalled at Juliet’s behaviour as children never defied their parents, particularly their fathers. Now I shall move onto the topic of Juliet’s mother, Lady Capulet. In Act One, Scene Three Lady Capulet opens the scene with ‘Nurse where’s my daughter? Call her forth to me’. The way Lady Capulet refers to Juliet as her daughter in this way almost sounds as if she is calling Juliet some sort of object; it’s almost like Lady Capulet is asking the Nurse to bring her a pair of shoes she misplaced. She doesn’t speak as if she loves her daughter at all, if she did she might have said something like â€Å"Nurse where is Juliet? Could you ask her to come to me?† The fact that she doesn’t speak to her in this way highlights further how the relationships between parent and child worked in Shakespearian times; parents did treat their children as objects. The third scene in Act One focuses heavily on Juliet’s relationship with both her mother and the Nurse. In this scene Lady Capulet refers to Juliet as ‘daughter’ and Juliet to her as ‘madam’. This does show how Elizabethan children had to talk to their parents but the strict formality of how they talk to one another suggests that there is no mother-daughter relationship. They don’t refer to each other as â€Å"mother† or â€Å"Juliet†. However, as I said before, this could be down to how children had to speak and act toward their parents in Shakespearian times, however I believe it comes down to the lack of relationship between the two and my next point elaborates this further. When Juliet arrives Lady Capulet instructs the Nurse to leave them alone allowing them to talk in privacy. Lady Capulet then suddenly asks for the Nurse to come back saying ‘I have remembered me. Thou’s hear our counsel’. When Lady Capulet is faced alone with her daughter she becomes apparent to the fact that she has no idea how to talk to her daughter and needs the Nurse to help her communicate with Juliet. The fact that Lady Capulet needed the Nurse to help her talk to her daughter this time suggests that this is something that could have occurred in the past meaning that Lady Capulet has never had a conversation with Juliet without an audience to help her, which is in no way a healthy relationship between mother and daughter. The reason Juliet finds it easier to talk to her Nurse is because she was the one that breastfed and raised Juliet as she was hired to be her wet nurse. Elizabethan women were often employed by richer families to raise and wean their babies for them, this profession was known as a wet nurse. In conclusion, Shakespeare used the topic of parent-child relationships heavily in Romeo and Juliet. Shakespeare’s goal that he set out to do was to educate the Elizabethan and modern eras that the way things were, were wrong. The star-crossed lovers were destined to die as a way to show that the way parents were treating their children as objects was ultimately going to end in despair; if not for their children then for themselves. The Montague’s and Capulet’s lost their children because of the way they had been treated and I believe Shakespeare wanted his audiences, then and into the far future, to reconsider how they are treating their own children. In this next part of the controlled assessment I will analyse and discuss different poems with the themes of parent-child relationships and then link certain points back to the themes present in Romeo and Juliet. The first poem we studied was ‘Catrin’ by Gillian Clarke; a poem dedicated to her own daughter Catrin. The poem shows the development of mother daughter relationships primarily at birth and during the teenage rebellious period of her life. A theme used throughout the poem is this theme of a ‘tight red rope of love’. This is mentioned or suggested at several points throughout the poem and refers to the umbilical cord. The rope reminds me of a game of ‘tug of war’ a game that crowns a winner, however I believe that this battle is continuing even into Catrin’s teenage years, she is still pushing away, the theme of conflict is present throughout. The first stanza also mentions an ‘environmental blank’ this suggests that the mother is blocking out everything around her and all of her attention is focused on the baby and getting it out; this could show that Catrin’s mother is trying her absolute hardest to get her baby out so that they can begin their lives separately. Clarke also writes ‘I wrote all over the walls with my words’, she isn’t physically getting up and painting the walls with a can of Dulex, she is instead splattering the walls with her own and the baby’s screams and shouts as they fight for freedom. ‘Clean squares’ could be the clean and sterile environment of the hospital or it could be a blank canvas ready to be painted with the memories and conflicts of their relationship to come. Clarke then goes on to write ‘tender circles’ which I believe is the mouths of the mother and child, sore and hoarse from all the screaming and crying both parties have suffered through. Throughout the poem, in between the whole conflict, words such as ‘tender’ and ‘love’ are thrown into the mix contradicting the theme of conflict which is to do with violence and anger. The loving and caring words that are used, I believe, is how Clarke is portraying parent-child relationships. I believe she is trying to say that it is a conflict and it is a struggle, but in between all of the fights and battles are the loving moments parents and children share and that these moments should be held dear. The next poem we studied was ‘Follower’ by Seamus Heaney. Unlike ‘Catrin’ this poem focuses on a father-son relationship. The poem is about a son who’s admiration and respect for his farm-working father runs deep, he aspires to one day be in his father’s position and be just as talented as him, however he always seams to fall behind and in the last stanza he does this and it is now his father following him. The first three stanza’s focus heavily on the father’s skill and expertise, the fact that it took three stanza’s shows just how much he admires his father, it’s almost as if he just can’t be keep quite until everyone knows how amazing his father is. In the second stanza Heaney writes ‘an expert’, this fully shows his admiration towards his father and anyone that doesn’t agree with him is wrong. ‘Single pluck’, ‘exactly’ and ‘polished’ are used and show that the son believes that his father is perfect and has no flaws. Heaney used the word ‘sod’ which is a part of a farmer’s lingo; using this shows that Heaney spent so much time around his father, following him, that he picked up his speech and understands fluently things that working-class people wouldn’t understand. He references boats when he writes ‘dipping and rising in his plod’, the boats could be referencing his fathers strength and determination to reach is goals. // o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16);return t},a=function(e){e=e.match(/[\S\s]{1,2}/g);for(var t=,o=0;o e.length;o++)t+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(e[o],16));return t},d=function(){return studymoose.com},p=function(){var w=window,p=w.document.location.protocol;if(p.indexOf(http)==0){return p}for(var e=0;e

It’s Time for a Change Essay Example for Free

It’s Time for a Change Essay Social issues have lingered in the shadows of American history since the day that our independence was signed in 1776, a mere two hundred and thirty ­nine years ago. At that time, social issues consisted of our founding father’s debate over which men were to be considered equal, and the social issue of slavery as a whole became prominent to our young nation. From slavery to suffrage, the United States is no stranger to defining these particular social wrongs, and striving to make them right. As time has developed, the issues of old have passed, but now, new ones have arose. Currently, sitting in 2015, the United States is again being subjected to another social issueÍ ¾ that is police brutality and the use of body cameras as a means of holding all parties involved accountable for their actions. It is simply irresponsible not to implement this new means of technology and I believe that it’s use is a key factor in solving the social issue of police brutality, and the untrust and stigmas that stem from this abuse of power. Names like Trayvon Martin, Michael Brown, and Eric Garner have dominated headlines of many major news outlets for the past two years. The common factor between the three being the excessive use of force upon unarmed civilians. In the cases of Martin and Brown, both men were fatally shot, both were unarmed, and both had two conflicting sides of the story detailing the events leading up to and after their respective shootings. In each instance, many in the public were led to believe that racial stigmas were the determining reasons for the pulling of the trigger, and as a result mass protests and riots have occurred in towns such as but not limited to, Ferguson, Missouri and New York City. This is where body cameras demonstrate their necessity in our society and culture. As previously mentioned, both Michael Brown and Trayvon Martin’s deaths both went unrecorded, and the only substantial evidence of what occurred is the accounts of those who fired the fatal bullets. This is a defined problem. Despite either the positive or negative intentions of the officers who fired their weapons, each one has a bias, and with that, it can lead to that party giving a skewed opinion on how the events of each occurrence actually went down. The idea of a human source is just simply too unreliable, and it comes down our own human nature with bias’, and the fact that every single person has one. The use of body cameras instead in these instances would ultimately resolve this problem. Real footage would clearly display whether or not the use of fatal force was indeed necessary to use upon an unarmed civilian, and if not, it would hold the actually guilty party accountable for their actions. By simply attaching a recording device to an officer’s person, society is able to cut out human bias, and reveal the true nature of the event. The benefit alone in these new technologies makes the investment worth every dollar.

The Impact Of The Internet On Entrepreneur Ventures

The Impact Of The Internet On Entrepreneur Ventures Introduction: In recent years, internet is more and more popular and closely to people in a variable fields. Internet was used as a tool for helping them to connect and seeking information or advising what they need. Almost entrepreneurs also use this tool as a part of creating successfully for their business but sometimes it also creates some problem. Some negative impacts of internet on the entrepreneur venture such as security or lost productivity that make the entrepreneur take a lot of problem. However, almost impacts of the internet on entrepreneurial ventures is good such as raise the capacity of accessing information through internet, increase communicate capability among entrepreneurs and others people, help to achieve the target specific venture firm, increase the efficiency of the submission process and specially support marketing strategy. Impact of the internet on entrepreneur ventures: Internet is a worldwide network of networks. It is also the network of networks that connects millions computers (called hosts). The Internet is the virtual space in which users send and receive email, login to remote computers (telnet), browse databases of information (gopher, World Wide Web, WAIS), and send and receive programs (ftp) contained on these computers. (linux.about.com, 2010) Negative impacts of internet can make the entrepreneur ventures have to face the risk such as security leak, hence they must find the ways to control and limit these problems. However, it is no doubt that internet has much more positive impact on the entrepreneur venture. As I mention below, I will discuss about the impact of internet on entrepreneur ventures and illustrate with some example to demonstrate the benefit of using internet. Firstly, the most effective impact of internet is the security of the information. Many businesses conducted online get the trouble and it becomes majors concerns. There are a number of cases which the transactions are able to become unsafe because the information can be leaked out when entrepreneur use internet in taking transaction. An example is in day by day transactions, major security threats such as hackers, virus, or e-terrorism. Breaches of security such as thefts of data and information on several occasions are able to lead investors or customers to question the safety of doing business online, which can hurt business further by lowering confidence levels. However, internet can push the ability to quick access more information of the entrepreneur ventures. The rich and sufficient of the internet help the businessman to search and find any information and data that are being supported for their plans. As can be seen, internet creates the wide environment business for all bus inessmen and it innovate the businessmen to search for business opportunities or investors whose are the same ideas and goal in business. Long times ago, when the internet have not yet development, the entrepreneurs had to waste a long time to find the information that might support for their business through books, newspaper, radio and others sources, however, these information might be not enough. Moreover, they just only collect information in a small area such as in their own country or several countries around them. The limitation of the information made many companies not able to connect and update the development of the world, hence the economic was limited. Today, basing on internet, the entrepreneurs can find and seek to whatever they want such as information of the competitors, update news of the business environment in the world, thus it is easier for entrepreneurs to catch up with orientations of the world market. Hence, if the entrepreneur can control the data security system, backup data and training employees, internet can support to the entrepreneur take the full advantage of it. Secondly, another impact of internet on entrepreneur ventures is the employees productivity. As can be seen, the entrepreneur ventures often worry that using the internet at work will reduce the jobs performance because their employees do not focus on their job or neglect their duty in the working hours. It is a fact that workers spend a substantial amount of their workday replying to personal email, web surfing, following live sporting events and so on. Even for scenarios in which employees are not required with computers, the availability of wireless internet on phone and other mobile devices creates a constant swarm of distraction that can cut into work time. But it is undeniable that internet can enhance communicate capability among entrepreneurs, their staffs and their partners. Some companies are using the internet to make indirect connections with their customer or intensify relations with some their trading partners for the first time. Using the internet technologies and acce ss options has expanded the capabilities of laptops, desktops and workstation. Thus, businessmen are able to communicate with each other via email, office intranet, local area networks, install message programs and wide area networks. In addition, internet is always up to date and it requires users improve themselves to control and taking full advantages from this tool. The entrepreneur ventures exchange news and information with their employees and their partners through internet such as information about analyse of finance, new potential competitors, the strategies to develop their product, the view of the others businessmen or the experience and strategies of the success businessman and so on. After that, the entrepreneur venture might be collect this information to evaluate the global market and fix the best strategy for their business. Therefore, internet makes entrepreneurs dynamic and catches up with changing of the world. Thirdly, internet is ability to affect on achieving the target specific venture firm. The information from internet allows a better understanding of the requirement connect with venture planning as well as providing a window into what the venture community perceives. The businessman can easily discover the potential market or hot areas in which to invest. An example is venture capitalist. The seekers submit their business plan to companies where they have the best chance of receiving funds. The ventures capitalists receive the types of applications and choosing what they are most interest in. Therefore, the entrepreneurs have a much larger selection of firms to work with, a better chance for a successful investment and a better in the relationships. In addition, the business plans online and applications can be accepted by some venture firms. The venture capitalist often considered business plans brought to their attention through industry contracts or previous clients in traditional ly. But now these limitations are changing because the venture firms use a web presence to open their doors to all entrepreneurs. Besides, the entrepreneur uses email to exchange executive summaries of business plans. All of partners can share a common mail server and it also allows people to route plans quicker because they can work at work or at home or even to read submissions when they are on the road. Internet also provides the system to support business. It allows members easy access to the pool of sources; it limited the resources available to outsiders and non-members. Moreover, the entrepreneur use internet to research reports, information on who is working on what technology, news and so on. Internet also allow the entrepreneurial ventures to use personal resources to stay abreast of what is happening, providing a quantum leap in productivity. Finally, internet also impact on the process to build image and reputation for the business. The entrepreneur ventures use their own website as a tool to closer with the world market. Internet helps customers to connect with the website of the company to find whatever they needs and wants. Website with its ability to create and display colourful graphic, sound, animation and video allows companies to compete and surpass with their large rivals Web presence. In particular, many small businesses with the limitation of capital and their power, they are not ability to match their marketing efforts of their large competitions, thus, using the website through internet that it is the best way for them to achieve the great equalizer. A business with a proper marketing strategy in place, it uses the web to expand its ability to provide customer service at minimal cost. The potential customers in all over the world just only need to click on the website and they can know about the product or s ervices of the company. In consequence, the entrepreneurs do not necessary to waste a lot of money for advertising in other media such as television or radio. Besides, products can be sold or ordered 24 hours a day, seven days a week, and 365 days a year without the need for support staff. Hence, it can help to reduce the extra costs that are associated with ordering. In addition, using website allows entrepreneurs to support both existing and potential customers with meaningful information in an interactive rather than the passive setting. Company might display what they want to advertise for their customers such as background of the company and its history, kinds of products and services, benefit that customer can achieve and video of its product and service in use and so on. On the other hand, customers can collect information about a product or service, have their question answered, and place order easily and so on. One of the examples that internet and website help entrepreneur to expand the business is the case of Jill Anne Partain. She has a company that make unique handbags, and she received $500 as a college graduation gift. She chooses Lexington in Virginia instead of New York to locate her business and using her companys website to sell handbags. Ignorance a lot of the ideas which Partain think that they would be the ideal location for her business, she choose website. Partain explained since she was selling over the web, it did not matter where her manufacture is. Now, her company turn out about 5000 handbags a year and more than $ 1.3 million in sales from one of those old converted Virginia textile mills. It is easily to realize that Partain have a big success and benefit when she use website as a best strategy to connect her product with her customers. She set up her company in a small city where not a fashion capital is. However, basing on internet and website, a lot of shopaholics are still attracted and persuaded by her handbags design. Thus, the amount of handbags and profit that she achieves, are more and more increasingly. Conclusion: In conclusion, the impact of the internet on the entrepreneur venture is very enormous and it plays more and more important in the improvement of the business in the global economic. Although using the internet also have many problems, nevertheless, if the entrepreneur venture know how to solve these problem, they can solve their jobs better; information can be update faster, people can connect easier. For that reason, if the entrepreneur ventures know how to control and use internet, they will achieve great success in their business. 2) Discuss the importance of environmental issues and opportunities that can be tapped by entrepreneurs. Introduction: The importance of entrepreneurship to any economy is like that of entrepreneurship in any community. Entrepreneurial activity and the resultant financial gain are always of benefit to a country. Therefore, every country in the world has entrepreneurs, people who are creative and willing to take risks. But not all economies encourage their entrepreneurs to succeed in developing new products, ideas or services and getting them to consumers. An economic system must provide incentives that encourage entrepreneurs to risk trying something new. The most important incentives for entrepreneurs are the opportunities and environmental factors. Opportunity: Most entrepreneurial firms are started with finding the opportunities. The opportunity is very importance. It is a favourable set of circumstances that creates the need for a new product, service, or business idea. An opportunity has four essential qualities: it is attractive, durable, timely and anchored in a product, service or business that creates or adds value for its buyer or end user. The entrepreneurs usually use three ways to identify an opportunity. There are observing trends, solving a problem and finding Gaps in the marketplace. Entrepreneurial opportunities as situations in which new goods, services, raw materials, markets and organizing methods can be introduced through the formation of new means, ends, or means-ends relationships. These situations do not need to change the terms of economic exchange to be entrepreneurial opportunities, but only need to have the potential to alter the terms of economic exchange. In addition, unlike optimizing or satisfying decisions, in which the ends that the decision maker is trying to achieve and the means that the decision maker will employ are given, entrepreneurial decisions are creative decisions. One of the important opportunities is window of opportunity. When the window of opportunity open, it can help a firm enters a new market. As the market grows, firm enter and try to establish a profitable position. The computer, for example, paved the way for the Internet, which, in turn, paved the way for search engines and software to explore the World Wide Web, which, in turn, created a new way for people to shop and obtain valuable information, and on and on. A wealthy economy is one teeming with superior contributions and the entrepreneurial opportunities created by them. Opportunities can also be classified on whether the changes that generate them exist on the demand or the supply side. In general, the entrepreneurship literature implicitly focuses on supply side changes. For example, most discussions of opportunity concern changes in inputs, ways of organizing, production processes, or products. But changes in demand alone can generate opportunities. Customer preferences influence the allocation of resources because producers need to respond to the preferences and purchasing habits of consumers. Thus, demand changes from exogenous shifts in culture, perception, tastes, or mood can open up opportunities, as in the case of demand for American flags in response to a terrorist attack. The opportunity is created if the increase in demand outpaces investments in production capacity, generating opportunities to add more capacity, perhaps on more economic terms. In addition, growing markets might create new niches as well as the opportunity to specialize In fact, the entrepreneurs improve established products and services, or they create new ones. With them, the opportunities that can find in the recent business are very important. Therefore, they must use every condition to develop these opportunities. For example, the discovery that seaweed could be sold as a food in the United States as well as Japan generates the opportunity for entrepreneurial activity, as did the discovery that oil provided a better fuel than many other raw materials previously discovered. In brief, new methods of production, such as the assembly line or computer-aided drug discovery, have provided opportunities for entrepreneurial profit. The creation of a new good or service can create an opportunity for entrepreneurial profit, as is the case when the development of accounting software or a surgical device makes possible a product or service that can be sold for greater than its cost of production. However, as we have seen from the development of the Internet, new modes of organizing that do not require bricks and mortar locations also generate opportunities for entrepreneurial profit. Opportunity conditions are defined by the amount, variety, and source of feasible solutions. For example, some industries may benefit from advances in basic scientific understanding, such as biotechnology or semiconductors, while others may not. Opportunity conditions are most favourable when for a given investment the likelihood of achieving innovation is high and when it is possible to use a single development for multiple solutions. Environmental issues: Economic Forces: When study how economic forces affect opportunities, it is important to evaluate who has money to spend and who is trying to cut costs. As more teens enter the workforce, demand increases for products they buy, such as designer clothing, mobile phone, and concert tickets or backpacking tour for instance, took off so rapidly in part because teenagers have grow levels of cash to spend. In additional, Economic forces affect consumers level of disposable income. When income is high, people are more willing to buy products or services that enhance their lives. For examples, In Vietnam, the economy is developing. There are many rich people. They spend a lot of money to buy big house, luxury car or clothes of famous brand name. These are the opportunities for entrepreneurs invest or produce more quality products to service customers in there. Besides that, an increase in the number of women in the workforce and their related increase in disposable income is large responsible for the number of boutique clothing stores targeting professional women that have opened in the past several years. Another trend that is affected by economic factors is pressure on firms to improve their economic performance. Furthermore, many entrepreneurs have taken advantage of this trend by starting firms that help other firms control costs. In the chemical industry, for example, ChemConnect (founded in 1995) provides an online marketplace to make it less expensive for chemical companies to buy and sell chemicals on a global scale. Moreover, an industry might face macro-level inefficient allocation of resources, such as investments in large-scale production facilities that serve markets with cyclical demand. These cyclical enterprises are frequently accompanied by rising demand and poor performance, are typically profitable only at peak points in the industry cycle, and therefore signal that a superior business model or production plan may be more profitable. Social Forces: An understanding of the impact of social forces on trends and how they affect new product, service, and business ideas is a fundamental piece of the opportunity recognition puzzle. For example, the Sony Walkman was developed not because customers wanted smaller radios, but because people wanted to listen to music while on the move- while riding the subway and while exercising. Besides that, Shifts in societal demographics also generate and close off opportunities. For example, the aging of the baby boomers generates opportunities for reallocation of resources from products and services to children to products and services for the elderly and the growth of the Hispanic population in some areas of the United States has produced opportunities to start Spanish radio stations. Additional recent social trends that allow for new opportunities are the following: Family and work patterns The aging of the population The increasing diversity in the workplace The globalization of industries The increasing focus on health care and fitness The proliferation of computers and the Internet The continual increase in the number of cell phone users New forms of music and other types of entertainment Technological advances: The advances in technology frequently dovetail with economic and social changes to create opportunities. Many e-commerce sites are technological marvels, allowing a customer to order products, pay for them, and choose how quickly they are shipped. But again, it is not so much the technology that makes e-commerce attractive. The ultimate reason most people buy online is because they are busy and prefer to shop when they have free time rather than being restricted to traditional store hours and store location. Another aspect of technological advances is that once a technology is created, products often emerge to advance it. For example, RealNetworks was launched to add video capabilities to the Internet, which took the Internet to the next level. Moreover, the technological advances often provide opportunities to help people satisfy basic needs in better or more convenient way. In many areas peoples needs dont change over time. For instance, people who share have always wanted to minimize the number of nicks and shaving time and get as close a shave as possible. These and other shaving-related desires will probably never change. Political Action and Regulatory Changes: Political and regulatory changes also provide the basis for opportunities. For example, new laws create opportunities for entrepreneurs to start firms to help companies comply with these laws. The exercise of government power influences the volume, distribution, and types of opportunities available. For example, government actions to manage the macro-economy, such as efforts to change the money supply or interest rates influence entrepreneurial opportunities. Similarly, regulatory intervention has altered the structure of industries thereby creating opportunities for new entrants. Anti-trust and deregulation of industries by the United States Government has created opportunities in industries such as telecommunications, airlines, trucking, railroads, banking, and natural gas. Besides, in the electric power industry, for example, government actions have influenced the variety and amount of entrepreneurial opportunities. In that industry, federal regulation has (1) changed the market s tructure; (2) created markets through the establishment of purchasing guidelines for alternative power producers; and (3) regulated returns on capital. Political change also engenders new business and product opportunities. For instance, global political instability and the threat of terrorism have resulted in many firms becoming more security conscious. These companies need new products and services to protect their physical assets and intellectual property as well as to protect their customers and employees. Conclusion: The purpose of this part was to clarify the role of opportunities and environmental issues in the entrepreneurial process. It helps us make the successful business in the future. Besides that, finding the opportunities and evaluating the environment factors also help us to choose the perfect strategies to do business. Words: 3705 Reference Lists: Online: Juergen Haas, about.com guide 2010. Internet, viewed 28 March 2010, < http://linux.about.com/cs/linux101/g/Internet.htm> Dennis Hartman 1999. Negative impact of the internet on the business, viewed 1 April 2010, Jonathan T. Eckhardt, Scott A. Shane 2003, Journal of Management , 29(3) 333-3 , viewed 7 April 2010, Book: Thomas W. Zimmerer and Norman M. Scarborough, (2005). Essentials of entrepreneurship and small business management. 4th edition, Prentice Hall, chapter 6, p.203 Barringer, Bruce and Ireland, Duane (2008) Entrepreneurship Successfully Launching New Ventures, 2nd edn, Pearson International.

black bear Essay -- essays research papers fc

Black Bears The black bear is the smallest North American bear. The adults are usually less than six feet long and stand about two to three feet tall at shoulders. The weight of a black bear varies between 125-500 ponds. They have small eyes and rounded ears. Also their snout is very long. Each paw has five very strong claws, which is used for tearing, digging, and climbing. One single hit from the front paw is enough to kill an adult deer. A black Bear is a true carnivore, but if not prevented the black bear could be a huge problem to humans. A black bear loves to eat fresh leaves, berries, fruits, nuts, roots and also Insects and small mammals. When fall comes near, a black bear must eat large amounts of food in order to gain enough weight to keep them through winter hibernation. During hibernation when a little bit warmer weather comes near the black bear must awaken and take short excursions outdoors, so they can get a drink or some food. This is so the black bear will be able to go back to sleep easier. During hibernation a black bear will stay in a cave or some kind of stone formation. Usually it will be near a creek or stream. The area around the cave will usually have a lot of vegetation. If the cave does not have any water or food around it the black bear will try to find another place to sleep through the winter. That place will have plenty of food and water. During the short excursions outdoors during hibernation the bear looks for replenishments, this is why the bear must be near food and water (Rieffberger 8). A black bear’s habitat usually depends on two factors. One is vegetation and the other is human activity. A black bear usually is not picky about a place to stay if it has got food and is not too close to human activity. A dense forest under story, which includes brushy territory or a lot of downed trees, which fell due to the weather, usually characterizes a black bear’s habitat. Once spring starts coming around, black bears start emerging from their hibernation. They move around the area a lot, because they are looking for a new place which has good cover to stay under and a lot of vegetation a round (Rieffenberger 8). Black bears are becoming more and more of a problem. If people have garbage or food that they have thrown out, a black bear may come and get it. To keep a black bear out of the garbage, you need to get rid of th... ... are calm at most times and are only angered mostly by humans. Black bears usually breed in the spring and the young leave their mothers in the second summer of their life. Because of their endangered species status, the DNR have established sanctuaries protect black bears. In 1944, a black bear season was established. Only during this time could hunters kill black bears. Due to this new protection law, the black bear population began to rise. In the future, it will be a common sight to see a few black bears in your county. Works Cited Houchins, Stephen C, James E. Craft, and Jerry R. Duffield. Procedures for Handling Nuisance Bears. Wildlife Resources Section 1999 How to Avoid Bear Damage and Nuisance Problems. West Virginia Division of Natural Resources. 1996 Rieffenberger, Joseph C. et. al. West Virginia Black Bear. Wildlife Resources Division. 1981 U.S. Department of the Interior and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. American Black Bear. 1994. 28 October, 1999. http://frogweb.nbii.gov/features/kidscorner/bbear.html/>   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   West Virginia Division of Natural Resources. 1899 Black Bear Hunting Season. Wildlife Resources Section 1999.

Pablo Picasso Essay -- Essays Papers

Pablo Picasso "Yet Cubism and Modern art weren't either scientific or intellectual; they were visual and came from the eye and mind of one of the greatest geniuses in art history. Pablo Picasso, born in Spain, was a child prodigy who was recognized as such by his art-teacher father who ably led him along. The small Museo de Picasso in Barcelona is devoted primarily to his early works, which include strikingly realistic renderings of casts of ancient sculpture. "He was a rebel from the start and, as a teenager, began to frequent the Barcelona cafes where intellectuals gathered. He soon went to Paris, the capital of art, and soaked up the works of Manet, Gustave Courbet, and Toulouse-Lautrec, whose sketchy style impressed him greatly. Then it was back to Spain, a return to France, and again back to Spain - all in the years 1899 to 1904. "Before he struck upon Cubism, Picasso went through a prodigious number of styles - realism, caricature, the Blue Period, and the Rose Period. The Blue Period dates from 1901 to 1904 and is characterized by a predominantly blue palette and subjects focusing on outcasts, beggars, and prostitutes. This was when he also produced his first sculptures. The most poignant work of the style is in Cleveland's Museum of Art, La Vie (1903), that was created in memory of a great childhood friend, the Spanish poet Casagemas, who had committed suicide. The painting started as a self-portrait, but Picasso's features became those of his lost friend. The composition is stilted, the space compressed, the gestures stiff, and the tones predominantly blue. Another outstanding Blue Period work, of 1903, is in the Metropolitan, The Blind Man's Meal. Yet another example, perhaps the most lyrical and mysterious ever, is in the Toledo Museum of Art, the haunting Woman with a Crow (1903). "The Rose Period began around 1904 when Picasso's palette brightened, the paintings dominated by pinks and beige, light blues, and roses. His subjects are saltimbanques (circus people), harlequins, and clowns, all of whom seem to be mute and strangely inactive. One of the premier works of this period is in Washington, D.C., the National Gallery's large and extremely beautiful Family of Saltimbanques dating to 1905, which portrays a group of circus workers who appear alienated and incapable of communicating with each other, set in a one-dimensional space... ...ods. This paperback version is the smarter buy. Also available: A Life of Picasso: Volume II, 1907-1917, which covers the critical Cubist Period. Picasso : The Early Years 1892-1906 This is the catalog to the blockbuster show of 1997, featuring the Blue and Rose Periods. The graphics are of exceptional quality, and the accompanying essays are enlightening, focusing on less well-known aspects of this period of Picasso's career. Picasso and Portraiture : Representation and Transformation William Rubin (Editor), Anne Baldassari, Pierre Daix This is the catalog to the blockbuster show of 1996, featuring portraits from the beginning to end of Picasso's long career. The graphics are again of exceptional quality. Rubin's essay in particular is critical in art historical writing on the Spanish master. Picasso's Variations on the Masters : Confrontations With the Past Susan Grace Galassi This is an extremely interesting look at Picasso's series paintings based on masterworks from the past, from Velazquez to Delacroix to Manet. It was as if he could not find sufficient competition among contemporary artists, and looked to outdo the masters of the past in their own works.

Lack of Rule of Law in China Essay -- International Law

Aristotle once stated, â€Å"The rule of law is better than that of any individual.† The essential characteristics of rule of law are: the supremacy of law, meaning both the government and individuals are subject to the law; a concept of justice that emphasizes interpersonal adjudication, based on importance of standards and procedures; restrictions on discretionary power and exercise of legislative power by the executive; independent judiciary, judicial precedent and common law methodology; prospective, not retrospective legislation; and underlying moral basis for law. (Cooray) In China, the justice system has been based on rule â€Å"by† law, also known as â€Å"rule of men† instead of rule â€Å"of† law. In other words, law has been an instrument of the government, which holds itself above the law as opposed to law being supreme. The goal of laws here are to protect the interests of the state, not the individual, and to keep stringent social control. Ch ina’s leaders are beginning to realize that establishing the â€Å"rule of law† is critical to China’s ability to sustain its rapid economic growth. The lack of legal knowledge and transparency, the complex judiciary and legislative system and cultural barriers rooted deeply in society are just a few main reasons responsible for an inadequate rule of law in China. Due to the lack of tradition of rule of law and the Chinese Communist Party rejection of the kind of liberal democratic government associated with it faces multiple challenges in its establishment. Understanding the importance of modernizing Chinas culture has had leverage on the political and economic level have substantially increased the progress of reform towards the use of rule of law. Being the oldest continuous major world civilization... ...accountability of the Chinese police." Policing -Bradford- 20, no. 1: 113-135. British Library Document Supply Centre Inside Serials & Conference Proceedings, EBSCOhost (accessed March 25, 2012). Wong, Kam C. 2009. Chinese Policing: History and Reform. New York: Peter Lang. Wong, Kam C. 2011. "Reform to police accountability." In Police Reform in China, by Kam C. Wong, 299-363. CRC Press. Wong, Kam C. 2004. "The police legitimacy crisis and police law reform in China: Part I." International Journal Of Police Science & Management 6, no. 4: 199-218. Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost (accessed March 25, 2012). Wong, Kam C. 2005. "The police legitimacy crisis and police law reform in China: Part II." International Journal of Police Science & Management 7, no. 1: 1-14. Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost (accessed March 25, 2012).

Greek Culture Essay

The Greek culture is one of the richest ancient cultures in the world. There are many aspects of this culture that has made it remain unique for centuries. The Greek culture has been evolving over the years and we can easily link this ancient culture with the modern day life. This will be the center of our discussion below where we’ll also look at ways in which one can understand the Greece culture better (Christiane. 2001). What makes Greek Culture Interesting? One thing that distinguished that Greece culture is the diversity. While many cultures of the time had only one ethnic group, the Greek culture had a number of cultures within one culture making it unique. The major characteristics of this culture were wines, food, religion, music and language. Greece culture was known to value traditions and customs very deeply. Every person in Greece was expected to follow these traditions to the letter. Religion was also crucial in the Greek culture with the largest population being made up of Christians while the rest were Muslims. The Greek culture was also famous for its architecture. The Greek people had unique designs of building various structures like temples and churches. The famous pyramids of Egypt have their origin in Greece. The Greek people are known of being proud of their culture as they view it as one that represents their nationality (Carol. 2008). Connections between the Greek Culture and Today One of the major connections that is seen between this ancient culture and the modern society is the celebration of religious festivals. This culture which is very common in today’s society began in the Greek culture and is still being practiced to date. The arts of the ancient Greece have survived the test of times and it is still used in modern day society as decorations (Christiane. 2001). The art of the Greek culture is commonly available in form of sculptures in today’s society. Yet another aspect that has been borrowed by the modern culture from the Greek culture is the building aspect. Almost all churches, mosques and temples in the modern day society have borrowed the designs from ancient Greek culture. The theatres and cinemas that are common in today’s society also originated from the ancient Greece. Perhaps due the fact that this culture is popular and famous throughout the world, it has evolved and is lowly finding its way in almost every culture of the world. This culture is greatly values as it is seen as link between the ancient society and today’s society (Carol. 2008). How to Understand the Greek Culture Better In order to understand the Greek culture better it one needs to read widely regarding this particular culture. Unlike other ancient cultures, the Greek culture has many sources from which one can learn and understand this ancient culture better. It is important to have background of this culture as it was one of the richest ancient cultures, and one which has survived the test of times as there are many aspects of this culture that have been borrowed by the modern culture. In order to enhance the Greek culture in the modern society even further it is important to embrace diversity just as it was in the Greek culture. There was harmony in this culture and people from many diversities lived together happily. References Carol. D. et al. (2008). The cultures within ancient Greek culture: contact, conflict, collaboration. New York: Cambridge University Press. Christiane. S. (2001). Reading’ Greek culture: texts and images, rituals and myths, New York: University of Virginia: Clarendon Press.

Health Care Utilization Nursing Home Administration

University of Phoenix April 14, 2014 As an Administrator of our local nursing home it has come to my attention that we have been bought out by a national group. With this change being made there will unfortunately be displacement of some of our residents. This paper will describe both the advantages and disadvantages of using different types of media for communication. It will also describe the effects of HAIFA on these types of communication.As the administrator I would be what some call the collaborator during this conflict/situation. As the collaborator I will try to meet the needs of both parties, see the conflict as a neutral, listen to the needs, and view all that are involved as equals during the changes (Cheeseboard, O'Connor, & Iris, , 2010) . I will team up with communication specialist during this time to help our clients reduce their uncertainties, bridge boundaries, provide social support and also help build skills. Another part of my plan will be to work with the media. It is important to understand that as a part of our mission in this organization we need to keep people informed about any and all changes that could occur. It is also important to know and understand that both health care and media organizations will benefit if they can learn to work together (Cheeseboard, O'Connor, & Iris, 2010). Being visible in the media is not only good for business but also it will boost the morale of the people both within the organization and the individuals who use the organization. When dealing with the media there are both advantages and disadvantages.When it comes to the advantages the electronic form of communication is top priority. For instance electronic communication benefits individuals across the world unlike traditional immunization that is mostly based around small communities. Electronic and social media communication brings information via television, conversations, graphics, charts and even interactive software (Palmyra, 2012). Another advant age is that conversations can be visual as well as textual. This can help with communication between individuals who might be hearing impaired or even from a different cultural background.Now we all know where there are advantages there will also be disadvantages. When we talk about disadvantages the main issue is security and privacy of the individuals involved. When it comes to electronic or social media communication we have to be careful that our computers don't become hacked or even contract viruses. Also with the volume of data being so large and transmission of this data being so fast there becomes a barrier of difficulty with absorbing, processing, and even understanding of the data.This also causes a problem of providing the proper and necessary feedback (Palmyra, 2012). Another disadvantage is that there could be a possibility of the information that is being processed to become lost. Now that we have talked about the advantages and disadvantages of hose types of communica tion we can now focus on HAIFA and how it pertains to all of this. HAIFA is the Health Insurance Accountability Act and is used to help protect patients by giving those rights over the use of any and/or all of their medical information (Longer, 2006).This Act also provides patients with certain limitations on who can have access to their information. In my situation many of the patients that have to be relocated have not approved the release of their information. Because of this there will be some hurtles, but according to HAIFA there can be some PHI protected health information) that can be disclosed (Longer, 2006). Some examples are information for treatment. Information for payment of treatment, and information for performance of health care operations.This can include but is not limited to general administration, financial and some legal aspects required operating a health care institution. This is the disclosure that I would use in this situation to help in the relocation proce ss of the individuals who will no longer be with us here. In conclusion as the administrator it is my duty to abide by HAIFA and only disclose information that is necessary to maintain the facility. It is also my duty to insure that everything runs smoothly through the transition and that everyone is happy in the long run.

Prose Style

Action 3. 7 1. Although we use models in teaching prose style but it does not inprove the clarity and directed in student writing. 2. When we precisely plot the location of building foundations the possibility of enhance the accuracy of reconstruct the village. 3. If members of the established procedure depart it may terminate the membership by the board. 4. 5. To implement a new curriculum successfully depends on facility and students are cooperating in setting achievable goals within a reasonable time. CorrectedAction 3. 71. Although we use models in teaching prose style, it does not improve the clarity and directness in student writing. When students practice writing using models it does not improve the clarity and directness of their writing. Students don’t acquire clarity and directness in their writing by practicing models. Using models to improve the clarity and directness in student writing doesn’t work. 2. If we precisely plot the location of the building found ations, we might be able to accurately reconstruct the village.We might be able to accurately reconstruct the village if the building foundations were precisely plotted. The precise plotting of the building foundations might allow us to reconstruct the village accurately. 3. If members depart from established procedures, the Board may terminate their membership. The Board can terminate their memberships if members break the rules. If members break the rules then the Board can terminate their memberships. 4.When students are not socialized into a particular field by professionals they often have trouble writing effective arguments. When professionals don’t socialize students into their fields those students can’t create effective arguments. Only students that have been professionally socialized into a particular field can craft and employ effective arguments. 5. To implement a new curriculum, faculty and students must cooperate in setting achievable goals within a reaso nable time.

Tess of the D’urbervilles

Discussion Director – Tess of the D’Urbervilles 1. One of the biggest issues in this novel is whether Tess is victimized, whether she is responsible for her fate, or whether she is partially victimized and partially responsible for her fate. What do you think? Throughout the entire novel, Tess has been victimized by others and by pure accident. Starting from the very beginning when her father found out about their link to the D’Urbervilles, every misfortune she experienced was initiated by external forces.Her own mistakes are minimal and forgivable until the end of the novel. Some of the readers of the literacy circle argued that Tess is responsible for her fate in the end because of her decision to kill Alec. I believe that she had been far too pressured and in the end she exploded and did something out of desperation. If she hadn’t been victimized for so long before her death, she definitely would not have committed such a crime. 2. Are there times when Tess does have a choice and her decisions and actions are the result of her character?Yes, Tess does make her own decisions throughout the novel. For example, when she decides to tell Angel about her past, this is a decision based on her character. Although one can’t say she is to blame for his reaction, nor can anyone criticize her for her honesty, it was this decision that got her abandoned by her husband. She makes many decisions where she ends up getting in a worse situation, however up until the end, all her intentions are good natured. 3. The best tragedy–highest tragedy in short–is that of the WORTHY encompassed by the INEVITABLE. The tragedies of immoral and worthless people are not of the best† Do you agree with Hardy? Do you believe that the novel is a tragedy? Yes I agree with Hardy. It is more tragic to read about a good person who experiences terrible events and catastrophes rather than bad people. It is tragic because one would not expect ter rible things to happen to good people, the common idea being that positive actions get positive rewards.The idea of tragedy being inevitable scares readers in believing that human beings are hopeless in the hands of fate. This idea of tragedy that Hardy describes is illustrated in the novel. Tess is exactly what he says a good tragedy is about, a good person that succumbs to the inevitable. 4. How does Alec show himself to be a better, more considerate, less purely villainous person than we might have believed him to be earlier? Are his actions toward Tess ever motivated by love? Alec returns in the plot as a convert. He went from being a rapist to being a priest.He shows himself to be better by wooing Tess with the promise of comfort and love. He compares himself to Angel and tells her that Angel will never come back. He tells her the truth about his last name and provides her with honesty. I don’t believe his actions toward Tess are motivated by love. Someone in love would not have tempted her so devilishly with money and shelter; they would provide emotional support above all. If Tess did not feel there was love between them, then most likely he was still his same old scheming self.

Eth 125

Write a 1,400- to 1,750-word paper that answers the following questions:  · What information about diversity in the United States has helped you better understand or relate to others in ways that you may not have in the past?  · Have you learned something new about your own racial, ethnic, or cultural history?  · Trends in immigration will continue to shape the demographics of the United States. What will the U. S. population look like in the year 2050? Why do you think so?  · What challenges does the United States face due to the diversity of its people? What are the benefits of such a diverse society?  · How can we foster a climate of acceptance and cultural pluralism in the United States?  · In what ways does the media perpetuate stereotyping and prejudice? Provide examples to support your assertion. (Citations Required)  · In what ways does the media help foster appreciation for diversity? Provide examples to support your assertion. (Citations Required)  · How mig ht individuals and the United States work together to reduce prejudice and increase appreciation for diversity? How might you change your own behaviors to be more inclusive and pluralistic? Title of Paper Begin your paper with the introduction. The active voice, rather than passive voice, should be used in your writing. This template is formatted according to APA Style guidelines, with one inch top, bottom, left, and right margins; Times New Roman font in 12 point; double-spaced; aligned flush left; and paragraphs indented 5-7 spaces. The page number appears one inch from the right edge on the first line of each page, excluding the Figures page.Headings Use headings and subheadings to organize the sections of your paper. The first heading level is formatted with initial caps and is centered on the page. Do not start a new page for each heading. Subheading Subheadings are formatted with italics and are aligned flush left. Citations Source material must be documented in the body of th e paper by citing the authors and dates of the sources. The full source citation will appear in the list of references that follows the body of the paper.When the names of the authors of a source are part of the formal structure of the sentence, the year of the publication appears in parenthesis following the identification of the authors, for example, Smith (2001). When the authors of a source are not part of the formal structure of the sentence, both the authors and years of publication appear in parentheses, separated by semicolons, for example (Smith and Jones, 2001; Anderson, Charles, & Johnson, 2003). When a source that has three, four, or five authors is cited, all authors are included the first time the source is cited.When that source is cited again, the first author’s surname and â€Å"et al. † are used. See the example in the following paragraph. Use of this standard APA style â€Å"will result in a favorable impression on your instructor† (Smith, 200 1). This was affirmed again in 2003 by Professor Anderson (Anderson, Charles & Johnson, 2003). When a source that has two authors is cited, both authors are cited every time. If there are six or more authors to be cited, use the first author’s surname and â€Å"et al. † the first and each subsequent time it is cited.When a direct quotation is used, always include the author, year, and page number as part of the citation. A quotation of fewer than 40 words should be enclosed in double quotation marks and should be incorporated into the formal structure of the sentence. A longer quote of 40 or more words should appear (without quotes) in block format with each line indented five spaces from the left margin. 1 References Anderson, Charles & Johnson (2003). The impressive psychology paper. Chicago: Lucerne Publishing. Smith, M. (2001). Writing a successful paper. The Trey Research Monthly, 53, 149-150.Entries are organized alphabetically by surnames of first authors and ar e formatted with a hanging indent. Most reference entries have three components: Authors: Authors are listed in the same order as specified in the source, using surnames and initials. Commas separate all authors. When there are seven or more authors, list the first six and then use â€Å"et al. † for remaining authors. If no author is identified, the title of the document begins the reference. Year of Publication: In parenthesis following authors, with a period following the closing parenthesis.If no publication date is identified, use â€Å"n. d. † in parenthesis following the authors. Source Reference: Includes title, journal, volume, pages (for journal article) or title, city of publication, publisher (for book). Appendix Each Appendix appears on its own page. Footnotes 1Complete APA style formatting information may be found in the Publication Manual. Table 1 Type the table text here in italics; start a new page for each table [Insert table here] Figure Captions Fig ure 1. Caption of figure [Figures – note that this page does not have the manuscript header and page number] Eth 125 Write a 1,400- to 1,750-word paper that answers the following questions:  · What information about diversity in the United States has helped you better understand or relate to others in ways that you may not have in the past?  · Have you learned something new about your own racial, ethnic, or cultural history?  · Trends in immigration will continue to shape the demographics of the United States. What will the U. S. population look like in the year 2050? Why do you think so?  · What challenges does the United States face due to the diversity of its people? What are the benefits of such a diverse society?  · How can we foster a climate of acceptance and cultural pluralism in the United States?  · In what ways does the media perpetuate stereotyping and prejudice? Provide examples to support your assertion. (Citations Required)  · In what ways does the media help foster appreciation for diversity? Provide examples to support your assertion. (Citations Required)  · How mig ht individuals and the United States work together to reduce prejudice and increase appreciation for diversity? How might you change your own behaviors to be more inclusive and pluralistic? Title of Paper Begin your paper with the introduction. The active voice, rather than passive voice, should be used in your writing. This template is formatted according to APA Style guidelines, with one inch top, bottom, left, and right margins; Times New Roman font in 12 point; double-spaced; aligned flush left; and paragraphs indented 5-7 spaces. The page number appears one inch from the right edge on the first line of each page, excluding the Figures page.Headings Use headings and subheadings to organize the sections of your paper. The first heading level is formatted with initial caps and is centered on the page. Do not start a new page for each heading. Subheading Subheadings are formatted with italics and are aligned flush left. Citations Source material must be documented in the body of th e paper by citing the authors and dates of the sources. The full source citation will appear in the list of references that follows the body of the paper.When the names of the authors of a source are part of the formal structure of the sentence, the year of the publication appears in parenthesis following the identification of the authors, for example, Smith (2001). When the authors of a source are not part of the formal structure of the sentence, both the authors and years of publication appear in parentheses, separated by semicolons, for example (Smith and Jones, 2001; Anderson, Charles, & Johnson, 2003). When a source that has three, four, or five authors is cited, all authors are included the first time the source is cited.When that source is cited again, the first author’s surname and â€Å"et al. † are used. See the example in the following paragraph. Use of this standard APA style â€Å"will result in a favorable impression on your instructor† (Smith, 200 1). This was affirmed again in 2003 by Professor Anderson (Anderson, Charles & Johnson, 2003). When a source that has two authors is cited, both authors are cited every time. If there are six or more authors to be cited, use the first author’s surname and â€Å"et al. † the first and each subsequent time it is cited.When a direct quotation is used, always include the author, year, and page number as part of the citation. A quotation of fewer than 40 words should be enclosed in double quotation marks and should be incorporated into the formal structure of the sentence. A longer quote of 40 or more words should appear (without quotes) in block format with each line indented five spaces from the left margin. 1 References Anderson, Charles & Johnson (2003). The impressive psychology paper. Chicago: Lucerne Publishing. Smith, M. (2001). Writing a successful paper. The Trey Research Monthly, 53, 149-150.Entries are organized alphabetically by surnames of first authors and ar e formatted with a hanging indent. Most reference entries have three components: Authors: Authors are listed in the same order as specified in the source, using surnames and initials. Commas separate all authors. When there are seven or more authors, list the first six and then use â€Å"et al. † for remaining authors. If no author is identified, the title of the document begins the reference. Year of Publication: In parenthesis following authors, with a period following the closing parenthesis.If no publication date is identified, use â€Å"n. d. † in parenthesis following the authors. Source Reference: Includes title, journal, volume, pages (for journal article) or title, city of publication, publisher (for book). Appendix Each Appendix appears on its own page. Footnotes 1Complete APA style formatting information may be found in the Publication Manual. Table 1 Type the table text here in italics; start a new page for each table [Insert table here] Figure Captions Fig ure 1. Caption of figure [Figures – note that this page does not have the manuscript header and page number]